Adjusting the clearance of rolling bearings can effectively improve the rotation accuracy of bearings, improve the bearing capacity of bearings, prolong the service life of bearings, and effectively reduce vibration and noise, but not all rolling bearings need to adjust the clearance when they are assembled. And preloaded is can improve the bearing rigidity and rotating precision, but also can make the friction intensified, lubricating film was damaged and generate a large amount of heat, therefore, be preloaded bearing for lubrication and cooling, this process is limited to the bearing stiffness and the condition of high rotating accuracy, is a kind of relatively special process method, In production practice, it is only used in the assembly of machine tool spindle, and the bearing assembly of other transmission mechanisms is hardly seen.

Whether to adjust and pre-tighten the clearance in the assembly of rolling bearings should be decided according to the technical requirements of assembly put forward in the technical documents. Specifically, in the assembly technical requirements, generally for high speed, heavy load or high rotary precision bearing requirements will have the requirement of adjusting the bearing clearance or pre-tightening, otherwise, the bearing clearance will be maintained, and only axial fixation can be done during assembly. From the point of view of bearing types, for tapered roller bearings, angular contact bearings, thrust bearings need to adjust their clearance; For general low speed, light load radial ball bearings, in most cases do not need to adjust its clearance, but only for axial fixed.

2.To achieve the requirements of clearance adjustment and pre-tightening under the condition of thermal balance

The actual ideal working clearance of the rolling bearing is the clearance adjusted after the temperature rise of the bearing is stable. Therefore, the adjustment of bearing clearance should be carried out in two stages: first, the bearing clearance should be adjusted at room temperature according to the relevant operating specifications and technical requirements, until the clearance is appropriate and the hand rotation should feel the rotation flexibility; Back then, adjusting mechanism appropriate loose (to prevent test run due to temperature and make the bearing sudden death), idle running experiment was carried out, from low to high speed running with no more than two hours, in the high-speed operation time not less than 30 min, the bearing should be flexible operation, low noise, the working temperature is less than 50 ℃, the adjusting mechanism is reset and lock.

3.Keep good lubrication

Good lubrication can not only reduce friction, but also have a cooling effect on the bearing and shaft parts. After adjusting the clearance of rolling bearings, the friction will be intensified, and the heat generated will increase the temperature of the whole transmission system. If the heat can not be dissipated in time, the heat will make the size of the transmission parts change, thus affecting the change of the rolling bearing clearance, generating more heat, and forming a vicious circle. Therefore, for the rolling bearings adjusted by clearance, it is necessary to maintain good lubrication to reduce friction. More importantly, it is necessary to take away a lot of heat with the continuous circulation of lubricating oil, control the rise of temperature, and realize the heat balance of the transmission system.

Before the test, it is necessary to first check whether the oil supply to all parts of the lubrication system is normal, especially to the bearing parts after pre-tightening. It is necessary to pay special attention to the adequate supply of lubricating oil and good working condition.

Conclusion:

Anyhow, rolling bearing assembly properly according to process, the reasonable use, conscientiously implement the adjustment of rolling bearing clearance and preload process, is to improve the bearing capacity, bearing rotating precision and the effective measure to reduce vibration and noise transmission system, should reach rolling bearing assembly operation, in addition to the general technical requirements, but also consider the bearing temperature rise and lubrication effect on the adjustment, And in the air operation test after a careful inspection and secondary adjustment, patient and meticulous.

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