First, Luoyang bearing industry mainly presents the following characteristics:

(1) Outstanding scientific research strength but poor transformation of innovation achievements. First, the transformation of achievements in research institutes is not smooth. A considerable part of the scientific and technological achievements of the Institute of Axis Research and University of Science and Technology still remain in the laboratory, and have not formed new economic growth points through industrialization. Second, large and small enterprises did not form a collaborative innovation pattern, did not make full use of Luoyang’s geographical and technological advantages to form a differentiated competition pattern, product homogenization competition is serious.

(2) The number of enterprises is large but the overall quality is not high. First, enterprise polarization is more serious. The revenue of The three enterprises, Luo Shaft, Shaft Research Institute and Xinqianglian, accounts for more than half of the bearing industry in The whole city. They emphasize “large and complete” in the production process and play a low driving role in the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain. There are more than 100 enterprises below the scale, lacking core competitiveness and weak risk resistance. Second, the intelligent level of production line is low. Most bearing enterprises in Zhuhai, including luo shaft, have long service life of process equipment, poor processing accuracy and stability, insufficient understanding and investment in digitalization and intelligence, and there is a huge gap between the automatic production line technology and bearing enterprises in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions. Third, less export-oriented enterprises. The sales market of bearing enterprises in Our city is mainly concentrated in the domestic market. There are not many enterprises that can independently develop the international market and participate in international competition, and the proportion of export is low.

(3) High-end products account for a large proportion of the market competition is increasingly fierce. The challenges from three aspects need high attention. First, in recent years, foreign bearing enterprises have increased their industrial layout in China. At present, there are more than 60 manufacturing enterprises of eight multinational bearing companies in China. Foreign-funded bearing enterprises not only lock the high-end market, but also accelerate the layout of the middle market and intensify the market competition by taking advantage of their own advantages in brand, technology and processing efficiency. Second, on the basis of continuously expanding the advantages of home appliance bearings, automobile bearings and other fields, jiangsu, Zhejiang and other advantageous industrial clusters are also gradually making efforts in aerospace, rail transportation, military industry and other advantageous fields of our city, which will bring challenges to the future development space of our city’s bearing industry. Third, during the “14th Five-year Plan”, the electrification rate of automobile, construction machinery and agricultural machinery industries will gradually increase, resulting in the change of drive and transmission system, and the amount of traditional bearings will be reduced accordingly.

(4) Obvious advantages in human resources but serious loss. First, bearing enterprises in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions pay high salaries to the shaft research institute and recruit people, resulting in the loss of excellent talents. Second, most students majoring in bearing of HeUST choose to develop in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other regions with higher income level after graduation, resulting in the loss of industrial and technical talents. For example, there are 60 graduates of the bearing major of Class 2021 in HeUST, 27 of whom choose to work in jiangsu and Zhejiang bearing enterprises, only 9 of whom choose to work in Luoyang, and all of them work in Luo Axis. Third, small and medium-sized bearing enterprises are particularly difficult to recruit. After the suspension of the Luo Shaft technical school, the city has no technical schools for bearings, and the employment support for local small and medium-sized enterprises is seriously insufficient. In shandong, Zhejiang, Anhui and other places, a number of bearing skills training schools have been built to train talents for the local bearing industry.

(5) The industrial chain is relatively complete but the degree of cooperation is low. Luoyang and its surrounding areas have formed a relatively complete bearing industry chain, from bearing steel, bearing components, bearing production and testing equipment, bearing finished products to downstream users, complete product categories, there are industry leading enterprises in the upper, middle and downstream. However, compared with developed regions such as Jiangsu and Zhejiang, the degree of cooperation between upstream and downstream enterprises of the industrial chain is low.Jiangsu and zhejiang area bearing leading enterprises focus on the design of the front-end and back-end sales link, in manufacturing mainly focus on high value-added fine grinding, assembly process, the forging, cold rolling, machining, heat treatment by purchasing, a more than 100 leading enterprises could bring form a complete set of upstream and downstream enterprises, construct the complementary advantages of industrial clusters. Bearing enterprises in Our city are mainly based on their own development, the internal process route of the enterprise is long, the pursuit of “large and complete” or “small and complete”, the cooperation between bearing enterprises only stays at the level of parts, the lack of close production division of labor and professional cooperation, there is no obvious cluster effect.

Second. In the interview, several industry leaders put forward prescient opinions and suggestions centering on the future development trend of bearing industry and the “tuyere” of bearing industry that our city should seize. During the 14th Five-year Plan period, China’s bearing industry will develop at a low speed, with an average annual growth rate of about 3%, but there will be a high growth rate in new energy, military industry and other fields. There are mainly six aspects:

1. Rapid development of wind power and major equipment.

(2) Explosive growth of new energy vehicles.

(3) The market space of special precision bearings grows steadily.

(4) Replacement acceleration of rail transit bearings by localization.

(5) The market demand for intelligent bearing equipment and system is strong.

(6) High-end bearing parts have huge market demand potential.

Third, the industry leaders generally believe that the “fourteenth Five-year plan” is the key stage of the reshaping of the national bearing industry competition pattern. In order to achieve breakthrough, Luoyang bearing industry must enlarge its advantages and make up its shortcomings.

(1) Formulate and issue special plans for the development of the bearing industry as soon as possible. It is suggested that the municipal government take the lead and organize Luoyang Bearing Industry Association, key enterprises and industry experts to carefully study and formulate luoyang bearing industry development special plan. First, adhere to the market-oriented, combined with the actual development of bearing industry in Our city, scientific selection of future industrial development “tuyere”, to ensure the forward-looking planning; Second, in accordance with the development direction specified in the plan, key tasks are clearly defined, and major science and technology projects, industrial guidance funds, and industrial investment funds are arranged in a targeted manner to ensure that the plan is guided.

(2) Attach great importance to the cultivation of “specialized, special and new” enterprises. It is suggested that the municipal departments of development and reform, industry and information technology, science and technology, finance and other departments do a good job in providing services to build bearings “specialized and special new” enterprise clusters with important national influence. First, we need to make full use of national and provincial support policies. Second, we should continue to foster a sound business environment. We will give full play to the activity mechanism of helping thousands of enterprises, arrange leading cadres who know the industry and are responsible for the subcontracting guarantee for the warehousing enterprises, strengthen the scheduling of enterprises’ investment projects, strengthen supervision over the implementation of policies benefiting enterprises, and effectively solve the problems faced by enterprises in their development. Third, we need to explore new ways of support. For the new projects of “specialized, special and new” enterprises, the counties and districts in which they are located will explore the policy of attracting investment projects under the condition of signing the betting agreement. For example, set targets for fixed asset investment, business income and taxation within a certain period of time, and return the land transfer fees or other fees according to the agreed proportion according to the completion of the project, so as to support the development of enterprises.

(3) Continuously improve the intelligent manufacturing level of the bearing industry. Most bearing enterprises in Our city have insufficient understanding of the necessity and urgency of intelligent manufacturing. The unstable product quality, low on-time delivery rate and serious production losses directly affect the core competitiveness of enterprises. Since 2017, the city has carried out the “three major transformation” led by intelligent transformation on a large scale, and built a number of intelligent transformation demonstration projects. Take Hongyuan bearing as an example, the enterprise has invested more than 50 million yuan to introduce MES, ERP, PLM, WMS and other systems to build the only “intelligent factory” in the bearing industry of the province. Through the implementation of intelligent transformation, the production cycle of hongyuan bearing conventional products is shortened by 33%, the product defect rate is reduced by 51.5%, the production efficiency is improved by 31.4%, the operating cost is reduced by more than 10%, and the energy consumption per unit output value is reduced by 8.4%, which greatly improves the company’s core competitiveness and is worth learning from other enterprises. In promoting the intelligent transformation, entrepreneurs is to enhance the understanding of intelligent manufacturing, by organizing entrepreneurs, senior management personnel to carry out intelligent manufacturing project in jiangsu and zhejiang and other developed areas to learn, release the zhuhai intelligent manufacturing way such as typical cases, let small and medium-sized business owners feel the necessity of intelligent manufacturing urgency. The second is to introduce more intelligent manufacturing system solution service providers.

(4). We will focus on training and transforming manufacturing professionals locally. Several industry leaders mentioned that brain drain has become a problem that can not be ignored to restrict the development of bearing industry in Our city. As far as I know, there are three main reasons for the brain drain: first, the school-enterprise cooperation mechanism is not perfect, and the talent direction required by some large enterprises is disconnected from the courses of vocational and technical colleges, resulting in many graduates needing second training before they can take up the post. Second, many students also tend to enter state-owned enterprises, the end of the “iron rice bowl”, but in general, state-owned enterprises pay lower, promotion channels are not smooth, resulting in some graduates to the enterprise resignation loss. Third, some talent policies made in the city tend to attract people, and pay insufficient attention to the retention of people. There is a high threshold for young talents, a lack of stratified and differentiated support policies, and low coverage. It is suggested to focus on the following tasks in the next step: First, human resources, social security and education departments should strengthen the promotion of school-enterprise cooperation, organize enterprises to carry out in-depth cooperation with universities, and improve the degree of job matching by optimizing the setting of majors and constructing training bases. Second, strengthen the publicity and promotion of private enterprises in the university, and guide talents to work in private enterprises by setting up scholarships, directional training and other ways. Third, we should give full play to the advantages of private vocational education in flexible policies, efficient mechanisms and quick response, and encourage them to expand enrollment. We will formulate special support policies to increase the proportion of graduates staying in Los Angeles. Fourth, we will formulate differentiated policies to support talent. We will encourage counties and autonomous regions to formulate and introduce special policies for talent recruitment, and encourage cities and counties to work together to increase the coverage of these policies.